KERS

The KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery System) is a system that recovers kinetic energy generated during the braking of a vehicle and converts it into usable energy, usually storing it in batteries or using it to directly power other components of the vehicle, such as the electric motor. 

During the braking of a vehicle, the kinetic energy produced by deceleration is dissipated in the form of heat, through the friction of the brakes. However, this energy can be recovered and used in various ways. For example, it can be stored in a storage system and subsequently used to enhance the vehicle's performance, such as during acceleration or in other situations where a surplus of energy is needed.

The KERS system was first used in 2009 on Formula 1 single-seaters; the recovery of kinetic energy was aimed at gaining extra horsepower and thus achieving better performance, in certain situations like overtaking. Even today, various cars are equipped with energy recovery systems during braking. For instance, some hybrid cars rely exclusively on KERS for this process, thereby contributing to reducing environmental impact through lower fuel consumption, especially in low-speed driving conditions, such as in cities.